Dr. Edward Henry Dowdye, Jr.

Important Fundamentals of Mathematical Physics Have Been Found to be Misapplied to Concepts of Gravitational Lensing

Historically, the only observable light bending effects on rays of light have been virtually those effects that are due to an indirect interaction, not a direct interaction with gravitation. The thin shell of the sun's plasma is such an indirect interaction between the gravitational field of the sun and the rays of star light. Convincing Astrophysics evidence shows that a direct interaction is yet to be observed. - October 17, 2007